解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::In the XY pachytene spermatocyte, the sex chromosomes do not synapse except for the pseudoautosomal region and become transcriptionally silenced. It has been suggested that the meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin (MSUC) also occurs in oocytes. In the XY sex-reversed female mouse, the sex chromosomes fail to pair...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-013-0415-z
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rice (Oryza sativa L.) centromeres are composed of 155-bp satellite repeats (CentO), centromere-specific retrotransposon (CRR), and a variety of other repeats. Previous studies have shown that CentO and CRR elements are both parts of the functional centromere/kinetochore complex. In this study, a naturally occurring k...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-013-0413-1
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic sequencing reveals similar but limited numbers of protein-coding genes in different genomes, which begs the question of how organismal diversities are generated. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing, a widespread phenomenon in higher eukaryotic genomes, is thought to provide a mechanism to increase the complexity of ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-013-0407-z
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Engineered minichromosomes provide efficient platforms for stacking transgenes in crop plants. Methods for modifying these chromosomes in vivo are essential for the development of customizable systems for the removal of selection genes or other sequences and for the addition of new genes. Previous studies have demonst...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-013-0403-3
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of DNA replication is critical, and loss of control can lead to DNA amplification. Naturally occurring, developmentally regulated DNA amplification occurs in the DNA puffs of the late larval salivary gland giant polytene chromosomes in the fungus fly, Sciara coprophila. The steroid hormone ecdysone induces ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0395-4
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies performed on human trisomic 21 oocytes have revealed that during meiosis, the three homologues 21 synapse and, in some cases, achieve what looks like a trivalent. This implies that meiotic recombination takes place among the three homologous chromosomes 21, and to some extent, crossovers form between them. To ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0394-5
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is an essential mitotic regulator and undergoes periodic phosphorylation on threonine 210, a conserved residue in the kinase's activation loop. While phosphate-mimicking alterations of T210 stimulate Plk1's kinase activity in vitro, their effects on cell cycle regulation in vivo remain contro...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0375-8
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrosatellites are large polymorphic tandem arrays. The human subtelomeric macrosatellite D4Z4 has 11-150 repeats, each containing a copy of the intronless DUX4 gene. DUX4 is linked to facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, but its normal function is unknown. The DUX gene family includes DUX4, the intronless Dux mac...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0380-y
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most multicellular eukaryotes, synapsis [synaptonemal complex (SC) formation] between pairs of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis is closely linked with crossing over. Asynaptic mutants in plants have reduced synapsis and increased univalent frequency, often resulting in genetically unbalanced game...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-012-0363-z
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Telomeric DNA is present at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and is bound by telomere "capping" proteins, which are the (Cdc13-Stn1-Ten1) CST complex, Ku (Yku70-Yku80), and Rap1-Rif1-Rif2 in budding yeast. Inactivation of any of these complexes causes telomere "uncapping," stimulating a DNA damage response (DDR) tha...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0357-2
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetochore is a complex multiprotein structure located at centromeres and required for the proper segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. An important role in kinetochore assembly and function plays the centromeric histone H3 variant (CENH3). Cell cycle stage of CENH3 deposition to centromeres vari...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0338-5
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The divergence of lineages leading to extant squamate reptiles (lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians) and birds occurred about 275 million years ago. Birds, unlike squamates, have karyotypes that are typified by the presence of a number of very small chromosomes. Hence, a number of chromosome rearrangements might be ex...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0322-0
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the nuclear positioning of specific genes, depending on their expression status, have been observed in a large diversity of physiological processes. However, gene position is poorly documented for immune cells which have been subjected to activation following bacterial infection. Using a pig model, we focus...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0328-7
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) chromosomes consist of large heterochromatic blocks in pericentromeric, centromeric, and intercalary regions comprised of two different highly abundant DNA satellite families. To investigate DNA methylation at single base resolution at heterochromatic regions, we applied a method for strand-...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0325-x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dioecious Silene latifolia evolved heteromorphic sex chromosomes within the last ten million years, making it a species of choice for studies of the early stages of sex chromosome evolution in plants. About a dozen genes have been isolated from its sex chromosomes and basic genetic and deletion maps exist for the X an...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0311-3
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ring chromosomes are of basic interest to the geneticist and cell biologist who study their behavior in meiotic and mitotic divisions. In addition, the mitotic instability associated with some ring-X chromosomes has proven useful in Drosophila as a means to produce gynandromorphs for developmental studies. We describe...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-010-0297-2
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::While many studies have provided significant insight into homolog pairing during meiosis, information on non-homologous pairing is much less abundant. In the present study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to investigate non-homologous pairing in haploid rice during meiosis. At pachytene, non-homolog...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-010-0288-3
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coilin, a molecular marker for Cajal bodies (CBs), is a phosphoprotein that contains a cryptic nucleolar localization signal and multiple interacting domains, such as the RG-box. Post-translational symmetrical dimethylation of arginines on the coilin RG-box is required for the recruitment of the survival motor neuron ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-010-0276-7
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spindle checkpoint restrains anaphase onset and mitotic exit until all chromosomes are stably attached to the mitotic spindle via their kinetochores. The Tao1 protein kinase was recently reported as a novel spindle checkpoint component. When an siRNA was used to repress Tao1, the essential spindle checkpoint compo...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-010-0261-1
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The haspins are divergent members of the eukaryotic protein kinase family that are conserved in many eukaryotic lineages including animals, fungi, and plants. Recently-solved crystal structures confirm that the kinase domain of human haspin has unusual structural features that stabilize a catalytically active conforma...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0250-4
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge about the composition and structure of centromeres is critical for understanding how centromeres perform their functional roles. Here, we report the sequences of one centromere-associated bacterial artificial chromosome clone from a Coix lacryma-jobi library. Two Ty3/gypsy-class retrotransposons, centromeric...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0239-z
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have characterized two post-translational histone modifications in Caenorhabditis elegans on a genomic scale. Micrococcal nuclease digestion and immunoprecipitation were used to obtain distinct populations of single nucleosome cores, which were analyzed using massively parallel DNA sequencing to obtain positional a...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0235-3
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Almost half of the human genome consists of repetitive DNA. Understanding what role these elements have in setting up chromatin states that underlie gene and chromosome function in complex genomes is paramount. The function of some types of repetitive DNA is obvious by virtue of their location, such as the alphoid arr...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0233-5
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in the nuclear positioning of chromosomes and specific genes during differentiation and development have suggested strongly the existence of a relationship between non-random organization of the genome and its function. In this study, we have examined the genome organization in interphase nuclei during adi...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0225-5
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to yeast, plant interphase nuclei often display incomplete alignment (cohesion) along sister chromatid arms. Sister chromatid cohesion mediated by the multi-subunit cohesin complex is essential for correct chromosome segregation during nuclear divisions and for DNA recombination repair. The cohesin complex...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0220-x
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discrete chromatin domains (ChrD), containing an average of approximately 1 Mbp DNA, represent the basic structural units for the regulation of DNA organization and replication in situ. In this study, a bio-computational approach is employed to simultaneously measure the translational motion of large populations of Ch...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0208-6
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1906, the Spanish neurobiologist Santiago Ramón y Cajal was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in recognition of his work on the structure of neurons and their connections. Cajal is commonly regarded as the father of modern neuroscience. What is less well known is that Cajal also had a great interest...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0212-x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were first discovered in genetic screens for regulators of developmental timing in the stem-cell-like seam cell lineage in Caenorhabditis elegans. As members of the heterochronic pathway, the lin-4 and let-7 miRNAs are required in the seam cells for the correct progression of stage-specific events a...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0210-z
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the subjects within the meiotic field that has been actively investigated in the recent years is the temporal and functional relationships between meiotic recombination, cohesin loading and synaptonemal complex (SC) assembly. Although the study of meiotic mutants has shed some light, many questions remain to be...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0204-x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) and Aurora A play key roles in centrosome maturation, spindle assembly, and chromosome segregation during cell division. Here we show that the functions of these kinases during early mitosis are coordinated through Bora, a partner of Aurora A first identified in Drosophila. Depletion of human...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-008-0165-5
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sister chromatids are physically connected by cohesin complexes. This sister chromatid cohesion is essential for the biorientation of chromosomes on the mitotic and meiotic spindle. In many species, cohesion between chromosome arms is partly dissolved in prophase of mitosis, whereas cohesion is protected at centromere...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0139-z
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) has a large Z chromosome and highly condensed W chromosome. We used the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to isolate female-specific sequences ZBM1 and ZBM2. Southern blot hybridization to male and female zebra finch genomic DNA sugg...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0130-8
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::PICH (Plk1-interacting checkpoint helicase) was recently identified as an essential component of the spindle assembly checkpoint and shown to localize to kinetochores, inner centromeres, and thin threads connecting separating chromosomes even during anaphase. In this paper, we have used immuno-fiber fluorescence in si...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0131-7
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Drosophila, the Polycomb group and trithorax group proteins play a critical role in controlling the expression states of homeotic gene complexes during development. The common view is that these two classes of proteins bind to the homeotic complexes and regulate transcription at the level of chromatin. In the prese...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0123-7
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, paternal and maternal pronuclei undergo profound chromatin reorganisation upon fertilisation. How these events are orchestrated within centromeric regions to ensure proper chromosome segregation in the following cellular divisions is unknown. In this study, we followed the dynamic unfolding of the centrome...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0106-8
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among his many contributions to the field of chromosome structure and dynamics, J. Herbert Taylor showed that eukaryotic cells have many more potential replication origins than they use, which they can recruit when replication forks are slowed to complete S-phase in a timely fashion. Thirty years later, his findings r...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-007-0105-9
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleosome assembly involves deposition of a heterotetramer of histones H3/H4 onto DNA followed by two heterodimers of histones H2A/H2B. Cycles of nucleosome assembly and disassembly are essential to cellular events such as replication, transcription, and DNA repair. After synthesis in the cytoplasm, histones are shut...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0087-z
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The W chromosome of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella, like that of most Lepidoptera species, is heterochromatic and forms a female-specific sex chromatin body in somatic cells. We collected chromatin samples by laser microdissection from euchromatin and W-chromatin bodies. DNA from the samples was amplified by degene...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0086-0
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The members of the serine-arginine (SR) family of proteins play multiple roles in posttranscriptional gene expression. Initially considered as essential splicing factors confined to the nucleus and regulating constitutive and alternative splicing, SR proteins are now known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytopl...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0073-5
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteosarcoma (OS) is characterized by chromosomal instability and high copy number gene amplification. The breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle is a well-established mechanism of genome instability in tumors and in vitro models used to study the origins of complex chromosomal rearrangements and cancer genome amplificati...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0074-4
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00